A1 — grammar, vocabulary, listening, reading, writing
Common mistake: “Right now, Sofía cooks dinner.” — Correct: “Right now, Sofía is cooking dinner.”
We use the present continuous (am/is/are + verb-ing) for actions happening now; the present simple for routines and things that are always true.
| Present Simple — always | Present Continuous — now |
|---|---|
| What do you do? | What are you doing now? |
| I work in a school. | I am reading a book. |
| What does your father do? | What is your father doing now? |
| He is a doctor. | He is cooking dinner. |
Kenji: Ben, what do you do?
Ben: I work in a bookshop.
Kenji: And what are you doing now?
Ben: Right now, I am drinking coffee and reading.
Kenji: Sofía usually cooks on Sundays. What is she doing now?
Ben: Ha! Right now she is dancing in the kitchen!
There are two ways to talk about the present. Present simple is for your life in general: 'Sofía works in Medellín. Her father is a doctor.' Present continuous is for this exact moment: 'Right now, Sofía is drinking coffee, and her father is examining a patient.' See the difference? 'What do you do?' asks about your job. 'What are you doing?' asks about now. Two questions, two answers!
It always requires two elements: the auxiliary verb 'to be' (am/is/are) + the main verb with '-ing' (e.g., 'Sofía is typing an email'). Never omit the verb to be!
Stative verbs (verbs of thinking, feeling, and possession) are usually not used in continuous forms: like, love, hate, know, understand, believe, want, need. Say 'I understand now', not 'I am understanding now'.
Yes! When you have a confirmed personal arrangement or appointment in the diary: 'I am meeting Kenji tomorrow at 5 PM'.